Hand penetrometer for top layers, IB The hand penetrometer for top layers is a device that is used to determine the penetration resistance of top layers. Because of the limited overall length of the device, the hand penetrometer can also be used for horizontal measurement, for instance in the walls of profile pits. Benefits Hand penetrometer Small cones allow for shallow measurements Good measurements at 15x cone diameter Drag pointer for easy read-out Durable construction Factory calibrated exchangeable springs Penetration resistance The principle of the hand penetrometer is based on measuring the highest penetration resistance of a cone over a distance of about 10 cm. The penetration resistance is measured by means of a compression spring. A number of cones and compression springs are available. A certain combination of a cone and a compression spring is selected based on the expected penetration resistance. If the expected penetration resistance is high, a cone with a small surface is selected and a compression spring with a large maximum force and visa versa. Applications The hand penetrometer for top layers is, as its name already indicates, specifically used for: · Determining the density in top layers, i.e. whether a sports field is playable; Horizontal measurements.